Kazakhstan
- Major producer: Kazakhstan is a major producer of soybean oil in the region, with a production capacity of over 1 million tons per year.
- Favorable climate: Kazakhstan’s climate is suitable for soybean cultivation, with a long growing season and sufficient moisture, making it an attractive location for soybean oil production.
- Export oriented: Kazakhstan’s soybean oil production is largely export-oriented, with the majority of production being shipped to Russia, Ukraine and other countries in the region.
- Investing in technology: Kazakh companies have invested in modern technology and equipment to improve the efficiency and quality of their soybean oil production.
- Government support: The Kazakh government supports the soybean oil industry through subsidies, tax incentives and other measures to promote growth and development.
Ukraine
- Leading producer: Ukraine is the leading producer of soybean oil in Eastern Europe, with a production capacity of over 2 million tons per year.
- Large soybean production: Ukraine is also a major soybean producer and has a large area dedicated to soybean cultivation.
- Export oriented: Ukraine’s soybean oil production is largely export-oriented, with the majority of production being shipped to Russia, the European Union and other countries.
- Modernization of industry: The Ukrainian soybean oil industry is being modernized and invested in new technologies and equipment to improve efficiency and quality.
- Government support: The Ukrainian government supports the soybean oil industry through subsidies, tax incentives and other measures to promote growth and development.
Eastern Europe
- Growing demand: Eastern Europe is seeing growing demand for soybean oil, driven by increasing consumer interest in healthy and sustainable foods.
- Import dependency: Many Eastern European countries such as Poland and Hungary rely heavily on soybean oil imports to meet their domestic needs.
- Limited domestic production: Domestic soybean oil production in Eastern Europe is limited as only a few countries have significant production capacity.
- Investments in infrastructure: Governments in Eastern Europe have invested in infrastructure development, including port facilities and transportation networks, to improve the efficiency of soybean oil imports and exports.
- Support for domestic producers: Governments in Eastern Europe are supporting domestic soybean oil producers through subsidies and tax incentives to encourage the industry’s development.
Russia
Regions of soybean oil production in Russia
Rostov Oblast: Rostov Oblast is located in the Southern Federal District and is one of the largest soybean oil producers in Russia. The fertile soil, favorable climate and proximity to the Sea of Azov make the region an ideal location for soybean cultivation.
Krasnodar Territory: The Krasnodar Region is located in the North Caucasus Federal District and is another major soybean oil producing region in Russia. The region’s mild winters, long growing season and access to the Black Sea facilitate soybean production.
Stavropol region: The Stavropol Region is located in the North Caucasus Federal District and is known for its fertile soil and favorable climate, which makes it suitable for soybean cultivation. The region is home to several large soybean oil producers.
Voronezh Oblast: Voronezh Oblast is located in the Central Federal District and is a major soybean oil producing region in Russia. The fertile soil, temperate climate and proximity to the Don make the region an attractive location for soybean cultivation.
Saratov Oblast: Saratov Oblast is located in the Volga Federal District and is another important soybean oil producing region in Russia. The region’s fertile soil, favorable climate and access to the Volga facilitate soybean production.
Tambov Oblast: Located in the Central Federal District, Tambov Oblast is a smaller but still significant soybean oil producing region in Russia. The region’s fertile soil and temperate climate make it suitable for soybean cultivation.
Belgorod Oblast: Located in the Central Federal District, Belgorod Oblast is a growing soybean oil producing region in Russia. The fertile soil, the favorable climate and the proximity to the Don make the region an attractive location for soybean cultivation.
These regions are followed by other major soybean oil producing regions in Russia, including Lipetsk Oblast, Oryol Oblast and Penza Oblast. The country’s soybean oil production is concentrated in these regions due to their favorable climate, soil and infrastructure conditions.
Soybean oil production facilities in Russia
According to the Russian Association of Oil and Fat Industry (RUOFI), there are currently about 30 to 40 soybean oil production plants operating in Russia. These facilities are located in various regions, including the Volga Federal District, the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District.
The technical equipment of soybean oil production plants in Russia varies depending on the plant capacity and production technology. However, most of the factories are equipped with modern machines and equipment from leading international manufacturers, such as:
- Crushing and Extraction Equipment: Companies such as Bühler, Alfa Laval, and Desmet Ballestra offer crushing and extraction equipment for soybean oil production.
- Refining and bleaching equipment: Equipment from companies such as Alfa Laval, De Smet Engineers & Contractors and Crown Iron Works are used to refine and bleach soybean oil.
- Packaging and storage equipment: The factories are equipped with packaging and storage equipment from companies such as Sidel, Krones and Silos Cordoba.
According to the Russian Federal Statistics Service (Rosstat), the total volume of soybean oil production in Russia has been steadily increasing over the years. Here are the production quantities of the last few years:
- 2020: 1,43 million tons
- 2019: 1,33 million tons
- 2018: 1,23 million tons
- 2017: 1,14 million tons
- 2016: 1,05 million tons
Varieties of soybean oil produced in Russia
Crude soybean oil: This is the most common type of soybean oil produced in Russia. It is obtained from soybeans through a mechanical pressing process or solvent extraction. Crude soybean oil is used as raw material for further refining and processing.
Refined soybean oil: Refined soybean oil is made by refining raw soybean oil to remove impurities and improve its color, flavor and texture. This type of oil is used in foods such as cooking oils, margarines, and salad dressings.
Deodorized soybean oil: Deodorized soybean oil is refined soybean oil that has been stripped of its natural flavor and aroma through a deodorization process. This type of oil is used in foods where a neutral taste is required.
Hydrogenated soybean oil: Hydrogenated soybean oil is made by adding hydrogen to liquid soybean oil to make it more solid. This type of oil is used in foods such as baked goods, snacks and confectionery.
High-oleic soybean oil: High-oleic soybean oil is a specialty oil made from soybeans with a high oleic acid content. This type of oil has a higher smoke point and is more stable than regular soybean oil, making it suitable for frying and cooking applications.
GMO-free soybean oil: Non-GMO soybean oil is made from non-genetically modified soybeans. This type of oil is in demand among consumers who prefer natural and organic products.
Organic soybean oil: Organic soybean oil is made from organic soybeans grown without the use of synthetic pesticides, herbicides or fertilizers. This type of oil is certified by organizations such as the USDA Organic or the European Union Organic logo.
Cold pressed soybean oil: Cold pressed soybean oil is produced using a mechanical pressing process without heat, preserving the natural flavor and nutrients of soybeans. This type of oil is considered a premium product and is used in specialty foods.
Quality indicators and standards for soybean oil in Russia
Quality indicators
- Acid value: The acid value of soybean oil in Russia should not exceed 0,5 mg KOH/g.
- Peroxide value: The peroxide value of soybean oil in Russia should not exceed 1,0 mmol/kg.
- Moisture and volatile components: The moisture and volatile content of soybean oil in Russia should not exceed 0,2%.
- Impurities: The impurity content of soybean oil in Russia should not exceed 0,05%.
- Color: The color of soybean oil in Russia should be yellow or light yellow.
- Smell and taste: The smell and taste of soybean oil in Russia should be neutral, without any foreign smell or taste.
- density: The density of soybean oil in Russia should be between 20 and 0,915 g/cm³ at 0,925°C.
- Viscosity: The viscosity of soybean oil in Russia should be between 20 and 39 mm²/s at 45°C.
- Iodine value: The iodine value of soybean oil in Russia should be between 120-140 g I₂/100g.
- Saponification value: The saponification value of soybean oil in Russia should be between 190 and 200 mg KOH/g.
Standards
GOST R 52465-2005: This standard establishes the requirements for soybean oil in Russia, including its quality indicators, packaging, labeling and storage.
GOST 31709-2012: This standard establishes the requirements for vegetable oils, including soybean oil, in Russia, including their quality indicators, packaging, labeling and storage.
SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01: This standard establishes the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for soybean oil in Russia, including its quality indicators, packaging, labeling and storage.
TR CU 021/2011: This technical regulation specifies the requirements for food products, including soybean oil, in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), which includes Russia.
Certification and labeling
GOST R certification: Soybean oil in Russia must be certified in accordance with GOST R 52465-2005 and GOST 31709-2012.
TR CU certification: Soybean oil in Russia must be certified according to TR CU 021/2011.
EAC marking: Soybean oil in Russia must be marked with the EAC (Eurasian Conformity) mark, which indicates that the product meets the requirements of the EEU technical regulations.
Share of the world market
In 2020, Russia produced around 1,3 million tons of soybean oil, which accounted for about 2,5% of the world’s total soybean oil production.
Here is a rough breakdown of global soybean oil market share by country/region:
- China: 35-40%
- Brazil: 20-25%
- United States: 15-20%
- Argentina: 10-15%
- European Union: 5-10%
- India: 3-5%
- Russia: 2-3%
- Other countries: 10-15%
It is worth noting that soybean oil production in Russia has increased in recent years, driven by government support to the agricultural sector and investments in oilseed processing infrastructure. However, the country still lags behind other major producers in terms of production volume and market share.
Russia’s soybean oil exports are mainly destined for European Union countries, Turkey and China. The country’s soybean oil exports have been growing steadily, reaching about 2020 to 500.000 tons in 600.000.
To increase its market share, Russia is working to improve the quality and competitiveness of its soybean oil and diversify its export markets. The country is also investing in research and development to improve soybean yields and disease resistance, which could help increase production and exports in the future.
Price dynamics for soybean oil from Russia
According to the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the International Trade Center (ITC), the average annual price of soybean oil from Russia has tended to increase over the past five years, with some fluctuations. Here is a rough breakdown of the price development:
2018: The average annual price for soybean oil from Russia was around $640 per ton.
2019: The price rose to around $680 per tonne, driven by strong demand from China and other countries.
2020: The price fell to around $19 per ton due to the COVID-620 pandemic, leading to a decline in global demand.
2021: The price recovered to around $740 per tonne, driven by a recovery in global demand and supply chain disruptions.
2022: The price has continued to rise, reaching around $840 per ton in the first half of the year, driven by strong demand and concerns about supply chain disruptions due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
The price of soybean oil from Russia may vary depending on the region. Here’s a rough breakdown of price dynamics by region:
- European Russia: The price of soybean oil from European Russia, which accounts for the majority of Russian soybean oil production, has seen an upward trend over the past five years, driven by strong demand from the European Union.
- Siberia-Russia: The price of soybean oil from Siberia Russia, a major soybean producer, was more volatile due to weather-related events and supply chain disruptions.
- Far Eastern Russia: The price of soybean oil from Far East Russia, which is a major exporter of soybean oil to countries such as China and Japan, has been influenced by trade agreements and government policies.
Forecast of demand for soybean oil from Russia
According to the Russian Federal Statistics Service (Rosstat), imports of soybean oil into the country have been steadily increasing in recent years. In 2020, Russia imported about 1,3 million tons of soybean oil, up from around 1,1 million tons in 2019.
Based on trends and industry developments, here is a forecast of demand for soybean oil from Russia:
- 2023: 1,4 million tons (growth rate: 7,7% year-on-year)
- 2024: 1,5 million tons (growth rate: 7,1% year-on-year)
- 2025: 1,6 million tons (growth rate: 6,7% year-on-year)
- 2026: 1,7 million tons (growth rate: 6,3% year-on-year)
- 2027: 1,8 million tons (growth rate: 5,9% year-on-year)
Kazakhstan
Main regions of soybean oil production in Kazakhstan
North Kazakhstan region: This region is the largest producer of soybeans and soybean oil in Kazakhstan. The region’s fertile soil, favorable climate and well-developed irrigation system make it an ideal place for soybean cultivation.
Akmola region: The Akmola region is located in the north-central part of Kazakhstan and is another important soy-producing region. The region’s agricultural sector is well developed and soybean production makes an important contribution to the regional economy.
Kostanay region: The Kostanay region is located in northern Kazakhstan and is known for its high-quality soybeans. The region’s soybean oil production is increasing rapidly, driven by investments in modern processing facilities and technology.
Pavlodar region: The Pavlodar region is located in northeastern Kazakhstan and is a major producer of soybeans and soybean oil. The region’s agricultural sector is diverse, with soybeans being one of the major crops grown in the region.
East Kazakhstan region: The East Kazakhstan region is located in the eastern part of the country and is a smaller but still significant producer of soybean oil. The region’s soybean production is growing, driven by government support and investment in the agricultural sector.
These five regions account for the majority of Kazakhstan’s soybean oil production. The country’s soybean oil production has increased in recent years, driven by government support, investments in modern processing facilities and growing demand for vegetable oils in domestic and international markets.
Soybean oil production facilities in Kazakhstan
As of 2020, there are about 15 to 20 soybean oil production facilities in Kazakhstan. These plants are located in different regions of the country, including North Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan and Almaty provinces.
The total volume of soybean oil production in Kazakhstan has increased in recent years. According to the Kazakh Ministry of Agriculture, the country produced around 2020 to 240.000 tons of soybean oil in 250.000.
Here is a rough breakdown of soybean oil production in Kazakhstan over the past few years:
- 2018: 180.000-190.000 tons
- 2019: 210.000-220.000 tons
- 2020: 240.000-250.000 tons
It is worth noting that Kazakhstan is a major producer of soybeans. The country produces about 1,5 to 2 million tons of soybeans annually. However, not all soybeans produced in Kazakhstan are processed into oil domestically, but some are exported to other countries for processing.
Quality indicators and standards for soybean oil in Kazakhstan
In Kazakhstan, the quality of soybean oil is determined by the national standard ST RK 1471-2005 “Soybean oil. Technical conditions”. This standard specifies the requirements for the quality of soybean oil, including its physical and chemical properties and the methods for its testing.
Quality indicators
Below are some of the key quality indicators of soybean oil in Kazakhstan:
- Acid value: Not more than 0,5 mg KOH/g
- Peroxide value: Not more than 10 mmol/kg
- Moisture content: Not more than 0,2%
- Impurities: Not more than 0,05%
- Color: Not darker than 3,5 units on the Lovibond scale
- Smell and taste: Normal, without foreign smells and tastes
- density: 0,915-0,925 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Viscosity: 40-50 mm²/s at 20°C
- Iodine number: 120-140 g I₂/100g
- Saponification number: 190-200 mg KOH/g
Certification and labeling
Soybean oil in Kazakhstan must be certified by relevant authorities, such as the Committee for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Kazakhstan) or the National Center for Expertise and Certification (Kazakhstan). The product must also bear the national conformity mark “KZ” or “СТ РК” to indicate compliance with national standards.
Share of the world market
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Kazakhstan is a major producer of soybeans and soybean oil. However, its share of the global market is relatively small. Here are some data on Kazakhstan’s soybean oil production and exports:
- In 2020, Kazakhstan produced around 240.000 tons of soybean oil, which accounted for about 0,6% of global soybean oil production. (Source: FAO)
- As for exports, Kazakhstan exported around 2020 tons of soybean oil in 140.000, which accounted for about 0,4% of global soybean oil exports. (Source: FAO)
- In terms of global market share, Kazakhstan’s soybean oil exports accounted for about 2020-0,2% of the global market in 0,3. (Source: USDA)
The main destinations for Kazakhstan’s soybean oil exports are:
- China: China accounts for around 40-50% of Kazakhstan’s soybean oil exports
- Russia: It accounts for around 20-30% of Kazakhstan’s soybean oil exports
- Other countries: including Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan
Kazakhstan’s soybean oil production and exports are expected to increase in the coming years, driven by government support to the agricultural sector and investments in oilseed processing infrastructure. However, the country still faces challenges related to logistics, transportation and competition from other major soybean oil producers such as Brazil, Argentina and the United States.
Here is a rough breakdown of global soybean oil market share by country:
- Brazil: about 30-40%
- Argentina: about 20-30%
- United States: about 15-20%
- China: about 10-15%
- India: about 5-10%
- Other countries: including Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine and others, accounting for about 10-20%
Price dynamics for soybean oil from Kazakhstan
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, the average annual price of soybean oil from Kazakhstan has trended upward over the past five years, with some fluctuations. Here is a rough breakdown of the price development:
2018: The average price of soybean oil from Kazakhstan was around $640 per ton.
2019: The price rose to around $680 a tonne, driven by strong global demand and a decline in soybean production in key producing countries such as the United States and Brazil.
2020: The price fell to around $620 per tonne, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted global trade and led to a drop in demand.
2021: The price recovered to around US$740 per tonne, reflecting a recovery in global demand and a shortage of soybean oil in the international market.
2022: The price is hovering around $800 per ton due to continued global demand and supply chain disruptions due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
Forecast of demand for soybean oil from Kazakhstan
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, demand for soybean oil in Kazakhstan has increased steadily over the past decade. In 2010, the country’s soybean oil requirement was around 120.000 tons and increased to around 2020 tons in 180.000.
Based on trends, market research and industry reports, here is a forecast of Kazakhstan soybean oil demand:
- 2023: 200.000 tons (Growth rate: 11% year-on-year)
- 2025: 240.000 tons (Growth rate: 10% year-on-year)
- 2030: 300.000 tons (Growth rate: 9% year-on-year)
Ukraine
Main regions of soybean oil production in Ukraine
Dnipropetrovsk region: This region is the largest producer of soybeans and soybean oil in Ukraine, accounting for about 30-40% of the country’s total production. The region’s fertile soil, favorable climate and well-developed infrastructure make it an ideal place for soybean cultivation.
Kharkiv region: The Kharkiv region is located in eastern Ukraine and is the second largest producer of soybeans and soybean oil in the country. The region’s soil and climate are suitable for soybean cultivation and many large agricultural companies operate in the region.
Poltava region: Poltava region is another major producer of soybeans and soybean oil in Ukraine. The region’s fertile soil and favorable climate make it an attractive place for soybean cultivation, and many local farmers and agribusinesses grow soybeans in the region.
Cherkasy region: The Cherkasy region is located in central Ukraine and is known for its fertile soil and favorable climate, making it suitable for soybean cultivation. The region is home to many large agribusinesses and farmers producing soybeans and soybean oil.
Kirovohrad region: The Kirovohrad region is located in central Ukraine and is also a major producer of soybeans and soybean oil. The region’s soil and climate are suitable for soybean cultivation and many local farmers and agribusinesses operate in the area.
Sumy region: The Sumy region is located in northeastern Ukraine and is another important producer of soybeans and soybean oil. The region’s fertile soil and favorable climate make it an attractive place for soybean cultivation, and many local farmers and agribusinesses grow soybeans in the region.
These six regions account for the majority of Ukraine’s soybean oil production, with other regions also contributing to the country’s total production. Ukraine’s soybean oil production is mainly exported to countries such as China, India and the European Union.
Soybean oil production facilities and total volume of soybean oil production in Ukraine
In 2022, there are about 25 to 30 soybean oil production facilities in Ukraine. These facilities are operated by various companies, including both Ukrainian and foreign companies.
Many of the soybean oil production plants in Ukraine have modernized their technical equipment in recent years, and some plants have invested in new, more efficient technologies.
According to the Ukrainian Ministry of Agricultural Policy and Food, the total amount of soybean oil production in Ukraine has increased in recent years. Here are some soybean oil production volumes in Ukraine:
- 2020: 1,43 million tons
- 2021: 1,63 million tons
- 2022: 1,8 million tons
Ukraine is one of the largest soybean oil producers in Europe and the country’s soybean oil production accounts for a significant share of the global market.
Quality indicators and standards for soybean oil in Ukraine
Quality indicators
- Acid value: The acid value of soybean oil in Ukraine should not exceed 0,5 mg KOH/g.
- Peroxide value: The peroxide value of soybean oil in Ukraine should not exceed 10 mmol/kg.
- Moisture and volatile components: The moisture and volatile content of soybean oil in Ukraine should not exceed 0,2%.
- Impurities: The impurity content of soybean oil in Ukraine should not exceed 0,05%.
- Color: The color of soybean oil in Ukraine should be yellow or light yellow.
- Taste and smell: The taste and smell of soybean oil in Ukraine should be neutral, without foreign flavors or smells.
- Density: The density of soybean oil in Ukraine should be between 20 and 0,915 g/cm³ at 0,925°C.
- Viscosity: The viscosity of soybean oil in Ukraine should be between 20 and 39 mm²/s at 45°C.
- Iodine value: The iodine value of soybean oil in Ukraine should be between 120-140 g I₂/100g.
- Saponification value: The saponification value of soybean oil in Ukraine should be between 190 and 200 mg KOH/g.
Standards
DSTU 4493:2005: This standard specifies the requirements for soybean oil in Ukraine, including its quality indicators, packaging, labeling and storage.
GOST 31761-2012: This standard specifies the requirements for soybean oil in Ukraine, including its quality indicators, safety and environmental requirements.
Ukrainian State Standard 4493:2005: This standard specifies the requirements for soybean oil in Ukraine, including its quality indicators, packaging, labeling and storage.
Regulators
Ukrainian Ministry of Agricultural Policy and Food: This ministry is responsible for regulating the production, processing and trade of soybean oil in Ukraine.
Ukrainian State Service for Food Safety and Consumer Protection: This service is responsible for ensuring the safety and quality of soybean oil in Ukraine.
Ukrainian National Standards Board: This body is responsible for developing and implementing standards for soybean oil in Ukraine.
Certification and labeling
Ukrainian conformity mark: Soybean oil products in Ukraine must bear the Ukrainian conformity mark, which indicates that the product meets the requirements of Ukrainian standards and regulations.
Labeling requirements: Soybean oil products in Ukraine must be labeled with information such as product name, net quantity, ingredients, nutritional information and instructions for use.
Share of the world market
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Ukraine is one of the largest producers and exporters of soybean oil in the world.
In 2020, Ukraine accounted for about 6-7% of global soybean oil production, making it the fourth largest soybean oil producer in the world after China, Brazil and the United States.
Ukraine is also a significant player in the global soybean oil market in terms of exports. According to the Ukrainian Agribusiness Club, Ukraine exported around 2020 million tons of soybean oil in 2,3, which accounted for about 10-12% of global soybean oil exports.
Ukraine’s soybean oil exports are mainly destined for countries such as India, China and the European Union. The favorable climate, fertile soil and proximity to important markets make the country an attractive location for the production and export of soybeans.
Price dynamics for soybean oil from Ukraine
According to the Ukrainian Ministry of Agricultural Policy and Food, the average annual price of soybean oil in Ukraine has been volatile over the past five years, influenced by various factors such as global demand, supply chain disruptions and weather events.
Here are the average annual prices for soybean oil in Ukraine over the past five years:
- 2018: UAH 24.400 per ton (approximately $920 per ton)
- 2019: UAH 26.300 per ton (approximately $1.030 per ton)
- 2020: UAH 23.400 per ton (approximately $850 per ton)
- 2021: UAH 28.400 per ton (approximately $1.070 per ton)
- 2022: UAH 31.400 per ton (approximately $1.170 per ton)
Soybean oil prices in Ukraine tend to follow a seasonal pattern, with prices typically being:
Peak in the summer months (June to August) due to strong demand from the food industry and limited supply.
Declining in the fall months (September to November) as the new crop becomes available.
Low point in the winter months (December to February) due to lower demand and higher supply.
Recovery in the spring months (March to May) as demand picks up ahead of the summer season.
Forecast of demand for soybean oil from Ukraine
Short term (2023-2025)
Demand is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 2025% to 5 million tonnes by 1,4, driven by steady growth in the food industry and increasing demand from the biodiesel sector.
Export demand is expected to remain strong, with a focus on increasing shipments to Asian markets.
Medium term (2025-2030)
Demand is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 2030% to 6 million tonnes by 1,8, driven by continued growth in the food industry, increasing adoption of biodiesel and expanding export markets.
The Ukrainian government’s plans to increase the use of biofuels in the transport sector are expected to boost demand for soybean oil from the biodiesel industry.
Long term (2030-2035)
Demand is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 2035% to 7 million tonnes by 2,5, driven by continued growth in the food industry, increasing demand from the biodiesel sector and expanding export markets.
The Ukrainian government’s plans to increase the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix are expected to boost demand for soybean oil from the biodiesel industry.
Eastern Europe
Soybean oil producing regions in Eastern Europe (except Russia and Ukraine)
Poland
Poland is one of the largest soybean oil producers in Eastern Europe. The country’s soybean oil production is concentrated in the eastern and central regions, especially in the provinces of Lublin, Podkarpackie and Mazovia.
Romania
Romania is another major soybean oil producer in Eastern Europe. The country’s soybean oil production occurs mainly in the southern and eastern regions, particularly in Dolj, Olt and Teleorman provinces.
Hungary
Hungary is also a major soybean oil producer in Eastern Europe. The country’s soybean oil production is concentrated in the central and eastern regions, particularly in the provinces of Bács-Kiskun, Csongrád and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg.
Bulgaria
Bulgaria is another important soybean oil producer in Eastern Europe. The country’s soybean oil production is mainly located in the northern and eastern regions, especially in the provinces of Dobrich, Silistra and Varna.
Slovakia
Slovakia is a smaller but still significant soybean oil producer in Eastern Europe. The country’s soybean oil production is concentrated in the southern and eastern regions, especially in the provinces of Nitra, Trnava and Košice.
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is also a soybean oil producer in Eastern Europe, although on a smaller scale. The country’s soybean oil production is mainly located in the eastern and central regions, especially in the provinces of Olomouc, Zlín and South Moravia.
These countries are followed by other Eastern European countries such as Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia, which also produce soybean oil, albeit on a smaller scale.
Soybean oil production plants and their technical equipment in Eastern Europe
According to various sources, including industry reports and company directories, there are approximately 25 to 30 soybean oil production facilities in Eastern Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine). Here’s a breakdown by country:
- Poland: 8-10 works
- Czech Republic: 3-4 works
- Slovakia: 2-3 works
- Hungary: 2-3 works
- Romania: 4-5 works
- Bulgaria: 2-3 works
- Serbia: 2-3 works
- Croatia: 1-2 works
- Slovenia: 1 work
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: 1 work
- Northern Macedonia: 1 work
- Albania: 1 work
- Montenegro: no works (imports of soybean oil)
The technical equipment of soybean oil production plants in Eastern Europe varies depending on plant capacity and production process. However, most systems are equipped with:
- Crushing machines: to crush soybeans into smaller pieces
- Extraction machines: used to extract oil from soybeans using solvents or mechanical pressing
- Refining equipment: used to refine and purify the extracted oil
- Deodorizing equipment: to remove impurities and odors from the oil
- Packaging equipment: for filling and packaging the final product
The total volume of soybean oil production in Eastern Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine) is estimated at around 1,5 to 2 million tons per year. Here’s a breakdown by country:
- Poland: 400.000-500.000 tons per year
- Czech Republic: 150.000-200.000 tons per year
- Slovakia: 100.000-150.000 tons per year
- Hungary: 100.000-150.000 tons per year
- Romania: 200.000-300.000 tons per year
- Bulgaria: 100.000-150.000 tons per year
- Serbia: 50.000-100.000 tons per year
- Croatia: 20.000-50.000 tons per year
- Slovenia: 10.000-20.000 tons per year
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: 10.000-20.000 tons per year
- Northern Macedonia: 5.000-10.000 tons per year
- Albania: 5.000-10.000 tons per year
- Montenegro: no production (imports of soybean oil)
Quality indicators and standards for soybean oil in Eastern Europe
Poland
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- PN-EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- PN-A-86914:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Czech Republic
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- ČSN EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- ČSN 91 0115:2013 (soybean oil for the food industry)
Hungary
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- MSZ EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- MSZ 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Slovakia
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- STN EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- STN 91 0115:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Romania
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- SR EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- SR 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Bulgaria
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- BDS EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- BDS 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Croatia
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- HRN EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- HRN 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Slovenia
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- SIST EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- SIST 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Lithuania
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- LST EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- LST 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Latvia
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- LVS EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- LVS 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Estonia
Quality indicators:
- Acidity: ≤ 0,5%
- Peroxide value: ≤ 10 meq/kg
- Moisture and volatile components: ≤ 0,2%
- Impurities: ≤ 0,05%
Standards:
- EVS EN 14214:2013 (Liquid petroleum products – Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and heating applications)
- EVS 14811:2013 (Soybean oil for the food industry)
Share of the world market
In 2020, global production of soybean oil was approximately 54,6 million tons. The largest soybean oil producing countries in Eastern Europe are:
- Poland: 1,3 million tons (2,4% of world production)
- Hungary: 0,6 million tons (1,1% of world production)
- Romania: 0,5 million tons (0,9% of world production)
- Bulgaria: 0,3 million tons (0,6% of world production)
- Czech Republic: 0,2 million tons (0,4% of world production)
Together, these countries account for around 5,4% of global soybean oil production.
The share of exports from Eastern European countries is also relatively low. According to the International Trade Center, in 2020 the top soybean oil exporting countries in Eastern Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine) were:
- Poland: 0,4 million tonnes (1,3% of global exports)
- Hungary: 0,2 million tonnes (0,7% of global exports)
- Romania: 0,1 million tonnes (0,4% of global exports)
Together, these countries account for about 2,4% of global soybean oil exports.
It is worth noting that the global soybean oil market is dominated by countries such as China, the United States, Brazil and Argentina, which together account for more than 70% of global production and exports.
Price dynamics for soybean oil from Eastern Europe
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, the average annual price of soybean oil from Eastern Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine) has followed a volatile trend over the past five years:
- 2018: The average price was around $740 per ton, with a high of $830 per ton in June and a low of $660 per ton in December.
- 2019: The average price rose to around $810 per ton, with a high of $930 per ton in May and a low of $710 per ton in November.
- 2020: The average price fell to around $730 per ton, with a high of $840 per ton in February and a low of $630 per ton in August.
- 2021: The average price rose to around $940 per ton, with a high of $1.070 per ton in May and a low of $820 per ton in December.
- 2022: The average price was around $1.020 per ton, with a high of $1.140 per ton in March and a low of $920 per ton in June.
Some Eastern European countries, with the exception of Russia and Ukraine, showed clear price trends:
Poland: Poland is one of the largest soybean oil producers in Eastern Europe. Its prices generally followed the regional trend, with an average annual price of around US$780 per tonne over the past five years.
Hungary: Hungary’s soybean oil prices have been relatively stable, with an average annual price of about $750 per ton over the past five years.
Romania: Romania’s soybean oil prices have been more volatile, with an average annual price of around US$820 per tonne over the past five years.
Overall, the price dynamics of soybean oil from Eastern Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine) are expected to remain volatile, with prices possibly ranging between $900 and $1.100 per tonne next year.
Forecast of demand for soybean oil from Eastern Europe
The Eastern European region (excluding Russia and Ukraine) includes countries such as Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and others. The region has a significant food industry, which is a major consumer of soybean oil. The demand for soybean oil in the region is also driven by the growing demand for biofuels, as many countries in the region have set targets to increase the use of renewable energy sources.
Based on trends and market analysis, demand for soybean oil in Eastern Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine) is forecast to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2023% from 2028 to 2,5.
Here is a breakdown of the demand forecast by country:
- Poland: 2,8% CAGR, driven by growing demand from the food industry and increasing use of biofuels.
- Czech Republic: 2,2% CAGR, driven by steady growth in the food industry and increasing demand for biofuels.
- Hungary: 2,5% CAGR, driven by growing demand from the food industry and increasing use of biofuels.
- Slovakia: 2,3% CAGR, driven by steady growth in the food industry and increasing demand for biofuels.
- Other countries: 2,1% CAGR, driven by growing demand from the food industry and increasing use of biofuels.
Total demand for soybean oil in Eastern Europe (excluding Russia and Ukraine) is expected to reach 2028 million tons by 1,43, up from 1,23 million tons in 2023.
